Extraordinarily variable (hence, dubia). Aperture usually large. Body whorl weakly ridged. Colour variable, from grey with black flames, to red-brown with dotted bands, plain grey or brown. Aperture usually dark, often purple.
About 20 mm.
Extends almost to the high-tide mark on rocky shores. Carnivorous, it eats limpets, barnacles and Littorina snails. Lays egg capsules from which crawling youngs eventually emerge. The absence of a planktonic larval stage reduces gene flow between populations, leading to enormous variations between populations.
Two Oceans: A Guide to the Marine Life of Southern Africa (2007).
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F*CK FISH 