Sea anemones are a group of predatory, marine invertebrates constituting the order Actiniaria, in the subclass Anthozoa (which also includes stony and soft corals). They might be the second most familiar example of Anthozoa ! Because of their colorful appearance, they are named after the Anemone, a terrestrial flowering plant.
Sea anemones are simple, solitary animals, lacking a hard skeleton, but supported by internal water pressure. The body is hollow, cylindrical and attached at the base by a flat adhesive disc. The mouth is ringed by tentacles. These are armed with stinging cells – the cnidocytes – but are harmless to humans. Prey captured with the tentacles is stuffed through the mouth into the digestive cavity. Their gastric cavities are divided vertically by sheets that extend inwards from the body wall, and increase the surface area for digestion.
Reproduction can be sexual or by simple division of the body. They have a single polyp stage in their life cycle, but have much larger and more complex polyps than the Hydrozoa.
